Place: Suayan
1 2020-07-10T12:16:35+00:00 Jennifer Fraser 404477000adfd4e5c7a1128cfac82e1fc740e8c3 2 7 Suayan is a nagari in Kecamatan Akabiluru in Kabupaten Limopuluah Koto. google_maps 2021-04-28T13:08:31+00:00 -0.17798, 100.48907 Jennifer Fraser 404477000adfd4e5c7a1128cfac82e1fc740e8c3This page has tags:
- 1 2020-07-09T19:00:10+00:00 Jennifer Fraser 404477000adfd4e5c7a1128cfac82e1fc740e8c3 Mapping Saluang Jennifer Fraser 19 This map provides a listing of all the places connected with saluang in some way. google_maps 2021-06-23T12:21:19+00:00 Jennifer Fraser 404477000adfd4e5c7a1128cfac82e1fc740e8c3
- 1 2020-07-10T12:16:32+00:00 Jennifer Fraser 404477000adfd4e5c7a1128cfac82e1fc740e8c3 Place: Limopuluah Koto Jennifer Fraser 5 Limopuluah Koto (50 Koto for short) is one of the three luak, central regions of the darek (Minangkabau homeland). It is also the name for a kabupaten in contemporary Indonesian administrative terms. google_maps 2021-04-28T13:03:20+00:00 -0.15248, 100.65938 Jennifer Fraser 404477000adfd4e5c7a1128cfac82e1fc740e8c3
- 1 2021-04-29T12:53:12+00:00 Jennifer Fraser 404477000adfd4e5c7a1128cfac82e1fc740e8c3 Mapping Performances Jennifer Fraser 4 This map illustrates the locations of performances attended google_maps 2021-04-29T14:00:39+00:00 Jennifer Fraser 404477000adfd4e5c7a1128cfac82e1fc740e8c3
- 1 2020-07-10T12:16:30+00:00 Jennifer Fraser 404477000adfd4e5c7a1128cfac82e1fc740e8c3 Place: Akabiluru Gabriela Linares 3 Akabiluru is a kecamatan in Kabupaten Limopuluah Koto. google_maps 2020-07-14T17:13:08+00:00 -0.22957, 100.53655 Gabriela Linares 93b11788b420aa18884831bc41dd62cbbe2edd8b
Contents of this tag:
- 1 2020-07-16T19:14:25+00:00 Jennifer Fraser 404477000adfd4e5c7a1128cfac82e1fc740e8c3 Song: "Suayan Anguih" 8 This song is named after the place, the nagari Suayan. plain 2021-06-29T23:23:49+00:00 -0.17798, 100.48907 Gabriela Linares 93b11788b420aa18884831bc41dd62cbbe2edd8b
- 1 2020-07-16T19:14:25+00:00 Jennifer Fraser 404477000adfd4e5c7a1128cfac82e1fc740e8c3 Song: "Suayan Maik Ka Turun" 7 This song is named after the place, the nagari Suayan. plain 2021-06-29T23:29:36+00:00 -0.17798, 100.48907 Gabriela Linares 93b11788b420aa18884831bc41dd62cbbe2edd8b
- 1 2020-07-16T19:14:19+00:00 Jennifer Fraser 404477000adfd4e5c7a1128cfac82e1fc740e8c3 Song: "Ratok Suayan" 7 This song is named after the place, the nagari Suayan. plain 2021-06-27T00:27:51+00:00 -0.17798, 100.48907 Gabriela Linares 93b11788b420aa18884831bc41dd62cbbe2edd8b
- 1 2020-07-16T19:14:18+00:00 Jennifer Fraser 404477000adfd4e5c7a1128cfac82e1fc740e8c3 Song: "Ratok Bainar" 5 This song is affiliated with the place, the nagari Suayan. plain 2021-06-27T00:08:54+00:00 -0.17798, 100.48907 Gabriela Linares 93b11788b420aa18884831bc41dd62cbbe2edd8b
- 1 2020-07-16T19:14:25+00:00 Jennifer Fraser 404477000adfd4e5c7a1128cfac82e1fc740e8c3 Song: "Suayan Balenggek" 5 This song is named after the place, the nagari Suayan. plain 2021-06-29T23:25:10+00:00 -0.17798, 100.48907 Gabriela Linares 93b11788b420aa18884831bc41dd62cbbe2edd8b
- 1 2020-07-16T19:14:25+00:00 Jennifer Fraser 404477000adfd4e5c7a1128cfac82e1fc740e8c3 Song: "Suayan Tinggi" 4 This song is named after the place, the nagari Suayan. plain 2021-06-22T16:12:51+00:00 -0.17798, 100.48907 Jennifer Fraser 404477000adfd4e5c7a1128cfac82e1fc740e8c3
- 1 2020-07-16T19:14:25+00:00 Jennifer Fraser 404477000adfd4e5c7a1128cfac82e1fc740e8c3 Song: "Suayan Buaian Anak" 4 This song is named after the place, the nagari Suayan. plain 2021-06-25T00:10:12+00:00 -0.17798, 100.48907 Gabriela Linares 93b11788b420aa18884831bc41dd62cbbe2edd8b
- 1 2020-08-05T13:42:56+00:00 Jennifer Fraser 404477000adfd4e5c7a1128cfac82e1fc740e8c3 Song: "Suayan Anak Gubalo" 4 This song is affiliated with the place, the nagari Suayan. plain 2021-06-22T16:08:36+00:00 -0.17798, 100.48907 Jennifer Fraser 404477000adfd4e5c7a1128cfac82e1fc740e8c3
- 1 2020-07-27T14:51:59+00:00 Gabriela Linares 93b11788b420aa18884831bc41dd62cbbe2edd8b Song: "Suayan Bukik Sarang Olang" 4 The song called Suayan Bukik Sarang Olang plain 2021-06-29T23:26:12+00:00 -0.17798, 100.48907 Gabriela Linares 93b11788b420aa18884831bc41dd62cbbe2edd8b
- 1 2020-07-16T19:14:25+00:00 Jennifer Fraser 404477000adfd4e5c7a1128cfac82e1fc740e8c3 Song: "Suayan Lamo" 4 This song is named after the place, the nagari Suayan. plain 2021-06-29T23:27:20+00:00 -0.17798, 100.48907 Gabriela Linares 93b11788b420aa18884831bc41dd62cbbe2edd8b
- 1 2020-07-16T19:14:25+00:00 Jennifer Fraser 404477000adfd4e5c7a1128cfac82e1fc740e8c3 Song: "Suayan Usoli" 4 This song is named after the place, the nagari Suayan. plain 2021-06-29T23:31:35+00:00 -0.17798, 100.48907 Gabriela Linares 93b11788b420aa18884831bc41dd62cbbe2edd8b
- 1 2020-08-05T13:42:56+00:00 Jennifer Fraser 404477000adfd4e5c7a1128cfac82e1fc740e8c3 Song: "Suayan Sungai Balantiek" 3 This song is affiliated with the place, the nagari Suayan. plain 2021-06-22T16:12:12+00:00 -0.17798, 100.48907 Jennifer Fraser 404477000adfd4e5c7a1128cfac82e1fc740e8c3
- 1 2021-08-04T18:17:08+00:00 Jennifer Fraser 404477000adfd4e5c7a1128cfac82e1fc740e8c3 Place: Bukik Sarang Alang 2 Hill in Suayan google_maps 2021-08-04T18:18:38+00:00 -0.204358, 100.464832 Jennifer Fraser 404477000adfd4e5c7a1128cfac82e1fc740e8c3
This page is referenced by:
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1
media/Image_Performance_in_Suayan_August_ 1_2015.jpeg
media/Image_Suayan 2015 cropped2.JPG
2020-07-24T13:32:26+00:00
Performance: Suayan, August 1, 2015
24
Malam Bagurau
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2021-06-25T18:00:39+00:00
-0.17798, 100.48907
08/01/2015
Date: August 1-2, 2015
Time:
Place: Suayan
Style: Saluang Klasik
Occasion: Malam Bagurau for a Wedding
Set up: The stage for this performance involve a structure erected at one end of a dry and empty rice field. The material used to hold up the back and the roof covering was bamboo, the roof covering a blue nylon tarpaulin, and the back a multicolor striped nylon cloth of the kind used to cover and wrap materials for transportation of goods on the back of a pickup. The floor of the stage was covered with a plastic mat with no other padding provided. No chairs were provided for the audience so a few crowded on to the stage with the performers.
Performers:- Padendang:
- Te E
- Nor Cingkariang
- Tukang Saluang:
- Bujang Rao-Rao
- Janang:
- None, as is appropriate for a malam bagurau attached to a wedding.
Ethnographers: Jennifer & Pak Ketua
Attendance:
Notes:
- Padendang:
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2020-10-31T12:19:18+00:00
Performance: Suayan, July 29, 2016
17
Malam Bagurau
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2021-04-29T14:08:00+00:00
-0.185604, 100.467192
07/29/2016
Date: July 29-30, 2016
Time: We arrived just before 11p.m. It probably began around 10p.m.
Place: Suayan, a nagari that has strong ties to saluang, both for the famous singer, Gadih Suayan, named for the place, and for the series of songs tied to the place.
Style: Saluang Klasik
Occasion: Malam Bagurau for a Wedding. This was the evening before the main celebration, where food was being prepared.
Set up: The stage for this performance was erected between two houses. A plank of wood was laid between the porches on facing sides of the houses. The stage was covered with a decorative cloth and a backdrop hung. The performers are sitting on a thin mat. Like most saluang performances, the sound was amplified. You can see one of the speakers in the bottom right of the picture. Rows of plastic chairs were set out facing the stage, though some pagurau chose to sit cross-legged on the porch.
Performers:- Padendang:
- Gadih Santan
- Si Sri
- Tukang Saluang:
- Man PP
- Janang:
- As is typical of weddings, no janang was involved in the performance.
Audience: The audience was fairly robust. In the early part of the evening, women and children lined up on the right side facing the stage. Men, likely pagurau who traveled specifically for the performance, occupy the chairs.
Ethnographers: Jennifer & Pak Ketua
Attendance: We arrived just before 11p.m. and left around 2a.m., before the performance had finished.
Notes:
- Padendang:
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1
media/Image_Obituary Gadih Suayan.JPG
2020-11-20T11:29:28+00:00
People: Gadih Suayan
16
Gadih Suayan was a well-known padendang.
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2021-03-19T12:25:29+00:00
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Stage Name: Gadih Suayan (maiden/ young unmarried woman from Suayan): her stage name asserts a place affiliation with nagari Suayan. An obituary written by Saiful Hadi, a.k.a. Pak Ketua--his day job is a journalist--suggests that she acquired this name from fans. One can imagine when she started singing, she was known as the maiden from Suayan. As Saiful writes, this name "which she carried with her until end of her life, was more popular and known by fans of saluang klasik in Luak nan Tigo, West Sumatra, and moreover throughout Indonesia.”
Other Names: Kartini.
Role: Padendang.
Sex: Female.
Time Frame: Contemporary Figure.
Source: learned about Gadih Suayan by name through ethnography.
Born: @1959 (Sanday 2002:153)
Died: June 19, 2015.
Place of Origin: Suayan.
Place of Residence:
Year started performing: @1970s
Training:
Sanday does not provide details of who the tukang saluang was. It is interesting that her teacher was a tukang saluang rather than a padendang.​​​​​​Gadis Suayan...started attending performances when she was twelve or thirteen just to listen. She then studied with a saluang player by following him wherever he went just to listen. This man made her popular by including her in his group. (Sanday 2002:154)
Trained: Eri Tamala, who is described as a "foster child." Its unclear whether this means literally or that it indicates a teacher-student relationship, or a little of both.
Performances: None. I never got to see her perform.
Songs composed: A number of Suayan titles, including "Suayan Anguih" (Hasnul Fikri, Syofiani Syofiani and Lolita Lestari 2017: 530).
Commercial Recordings: Many titles.
Other notes:
Sanday writes about Gadih Suayan in her chapter on saluang (2002). She writes how she was
Excerpts from her obituary:One of [her] favorite female singers... because of her throaty voice and the passion with which she sings. She is about forty-three, wears her hair very short, smokes, and always dresses in pants. She was born in Suayan, a village near Payakumbuh, famous for four songs called the Four Suayan... Gadis Suayan has been married twice and is presently divorced from her second husband. She speaks of him withgreat sadness and longing. Much younger than she, he left her to live with his parents in a city in eastern Sumatra. She jokes with me about being sawah liek, that is, an arid rice field-the title of a famous song she will sing later in the evening about a woman who lies fallow, uncultivated and unfertilized because she has no man... (Sanday 2002:153)
Eri Tamala, her foster child/ student, is quoted in the obituary as saying Gadih Suayan worked with younger singers to “share her knowledge.”For fans of saluang klasik the name “Gadih Suayan” is a very familiar name in their ears because the name ... raises the name of the nagari where she was born, which is known with dendang “Ratok Suayan", "Suayan Ampek Lenggek” [likely the tune referenced here as "Suayan Balenggek"] along with “Suayan Anguih” and lots of dendang klasik which were presented by her always get great praise from saluang fans, because indeed we recognize that the sound of this dendang maestro is difficult to find a match even now.
… there is not a young artist or a padendang which has the sound of the same caliber as her, moreover the level of memorization and understanding of these dendang klasik songs which have lots of kalorok, gumam, garinyiak, kadakuak, genggong, japuaik anta and cokoiak where the shrewdness of padendang play with anak suara.”
Resources:Her sound was excellent and her mastery of songs was perfect was a speciality of hers and there is not yet someone who can replace her position...
Her departure is a sign of uncertainty for the fans of the future of saluang klasik in the region of Luak Nan Tigo …. Because we see the development of saluang klasik recently is very worrying to us because a group of young padendang prefer songs that are accompanied by modern instruments, moreover a group of young padendang don’t know the klasik dendang at all and this will become the major work for all of us...- Saiful Hadi, "Gadih Suayan Tutup Usia"
- Hasnul Fikri, Syofiani Syofiani and Lolita Lestari, "Semiotic in Lyrics and Perception of Community of Nagari Suayan on Saluang Ratok Suayan Anguih"
- Sanday 2002
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1
2021-03-11T21:39:49+00:00
Rendition: "Pariaman Panjang" 08/01/2015
13
"Pariaman Panjang" performed at Malam Bagurau, Suayan.
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2021-06-30T02:03:51+00:00
Song: "Pariaman Panjang"
Performance: Malam Bagurau for a wedding
Place: Suayan
Date: August 1, 2015
People:- Padendang:
- Te E
- Nor Cingkariang
- Tukang Saluang: Bujang Rao-Rao
Structure:Lyrics:
Pantun 1: Te E
Batang
Minangkabau:
Ka balai mambali kain
Mambali sitin ba karatan
Di Payokumbuah hari akad
Lah dapek kain saukuran
Baguntiang bajaik balun
Dek tuan tolong manyudahkan
Talatak apo kagunonyo
Indonesian:
Ke pasar membeli kain.
Membeli kain satu potong
di pasar Payakumbuah hari minggu
sudah dapat kain satu ukuran
sudah bergunting belum dijahit
dek tuan tolong menyudahkan
terletak apa ke gunanya
English:
Going to the market to buy cloth
To buy a length of cloth
At the Payokumbuah market on Sunday
I got one measure of cloth
It was already cut but not yet sewn
Sir, please help me finish it
To be put into place the use for it.Isi
Minangkabau:
Ambo mandapek kaba angin
Lah kambang si bungo intan
Pamenan allah jo Mohamad
Biarlahnyo bungo larangan
Kumbang baniak nak ka kiyun
Tagak dek balun dapek jalan
Kini mamadang jauah sajo
Indonesian:
Saya mendapat berita.
Sudah kembang si bunga intan
Hadiah Allah dengan Muhammad
Walaupun itu bunga larangan
Kumbang berniat ke sana
Tapi karena belum dapat dijalan
Sekarang memadang dari jauh saja.
English:
I’ve received some news
The bungo intan (jewel of a flower) is already flowering
It's a gift from God
However, it's a forbidden flower.
The bee is interested in searching there
But because he has not yet received any (nectar) in his journey.
He’s forced to look from afar.Interpretation of Pantun 1
Batang: This verse is largely descriptive, about buying cloth at the market for a project, and the padendang suggesting the person listening should define a need for it. It also makes mention of a specific place.
Isi: This verse could be read on many levels. On one, it can be taken quite literally: a bee looking for nectar in a flower. On another, it could taken metaphorically to mean a man looking for a woman. Finally, the context at this performance offers a different interpretation. When I asked Pak Ketua why there was so much laughter, he explained that Te E, a dear friend of his, was teasing him specifically through this lyric. She was inferring that he was the bee and that I was the sparkly flower. - Padendang:
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1
2021-05-12T15:33:15+00:00
Rendition: "Suayan Maik Ka Turun" 07/25/2016
12
"Suayan Maik Ka Turun" performed at Malam Bagurau, Sariak Laweh.
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2021-08-04T22:45:53+00:00
Song: "Suayan Maik Ka Turun"
Performance: Sariak Laweh, July 25, 2016
Context: Malam Bagurau for a wedding
Style: Saluang klasik
Type of Song: Ratok
People:- Padendang:
- Te E
- Si Sri
- Ika
- Tukang Saluang: Kamarudin
- Tukang Orgen: Warlan
Structure: This version has 3 pantun. The first pantun has just 2 lines for each half, repeating the last line in each half to make it fit the melodic shape. The second and third pantun have 3 lines in each half.Lyrics:
Pantun #1: Te E
BatangMinangkabau
Di baliak bukik Sarang Alang
Suayan di tapi rimbo x2Indonesian
Dibalik bukit Sarang Elang
Suayan di tapi hutanEnglish
Behind the hill Sarang Alang
Suayan is by the side of the forestIsi
Minangkabau
Pambaleh jaso rang nan hilang
Siang-siangi pusaronyoIndonesian
Mengingat orang yang sudah meninggal
Bersihkan juga kuburan.English
Recalling people who have passed away
Clean up the grave sites.Interpretation of Pantun 1
Type of Pantun: Pantun nasehat
Batang: The batang mentions specific places and Suayan's placement by the side of the forest. The two places referenced attach the song firmly to Suayan.
Isi: The isi is considered to cover nasehat: remember your loved ones and take care of their graves. The content is also directly linked with the song title. This is an example of a pantun baku affiliated with this specific song as it should always be used in this song.Pantun #2: Si Sri
BatangMinangkabau
Sariak Laweh Koto Malintang
Tibo kian Sungai Balantiak
Ai "Suayan" kami ka nyanyikanIndonesian
Sariak Laweh, Koto Malintang
Sebelah sana lagi Sungai balantiak
Oi, "Suayan" lagu kami akan nyanyikan.English
Sariak Laweh, Koto Malintang
On the other side there is Sungai Balantiak
Oh, “Suayan” this is the song we’ll singIsi
Minangkabau
Adang-adang badan den pulang
Taserak tangih turun naik
Nan kontan bana nan tak ado.Indonesian
Sering pulang ke rumah
Menanggis mask ke rumah, turun dari rumah
karena urang yg dikasihi tidak ada lagi.English
Come home often (to one's kampung)
Crying when going in and out of the house
Because those who are loved are all gone.Interpretation of Pantun 2
Type of Pantun: pantun parasaian.
Batang: The batang is largely about places, including those that one must pass through on the road from Payokumbuah to Suayan, including Sariak Laweh, Koto Malintang, and Sungai Balantiak. As is typical of batang, there is also a reference to the title of the song that will be delivered, though rather than the full title it is simply "Suayan." This is the third line of the pantun, an additional line to the two lines delivered in the first pantun by Te E.
Isi: This isi is about homecoming and loss encountered after being away.
Pantun #3: Ika
BatangMinangkabau
Rang Canduang di ma balai den
Di baliak balai si Fatima
Di bawa kayu nan rondokIndonesian
Urang Canduang di mana balai
Di balik balai si Fatima
Di bawah pohon yang besarEnglish
The person from Canduang asks where the balai (hall) is
Behind the balai of Fatima
Beneath the big treeIsi
Minangkabau
Rang kampuang di ma mandeh den
Nan den silau indak di rumah
Janjang rabah pintu basaok.Indonesian
Urang kampung di mana itu saya
Yang saya lihat dia tidak dalam rumah
Jenjang rusak, pinti ditutup.English
People from the village, where is my mother?
I see she is not in her house
The steps have disintegrated, the door is closed.
Interpretation of Pantun 3
As we listened to the recording of this rendition, Pak Ketua anticipated the isi, saying this batang is coupled with the isi in this case, suggesting the whole pantun is a pantun baku.
Type of Pantun: pantun parasaian.
Batang: The batang makes a reference to place, interestingly a place further away from Suayan and neighboring nagari referenced in the first two pantun.
Isi: The sense of sadness and loss is extremely strong in this isi. This text implies that a man has come home after a long time, to find the house all abandoned and his mother deceased.Summary
Content: This rendition featured pantun baku strongly affiliated with this specific song. Two of the three pantun were parasaian, connected with loss, including connection to place and death of love ones. This is fitting not only for a ratok but this specific title connected with burying a loved one.
Sense of Place: In each of the batang, specific places were mentioned, most of them connected with Suayan and neighboring areas. - Padendang:
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Contexts for Saluang Performance
9
This page explains various contextual factors for saluang performances
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2021-09-02T01:09:26+00:00
This page outlines a range of contextual factors that all have a hand in shaping the way a performance unfolds.
What
Saluang performances are held in association with a wide variety of events, ranging from events hosted by families to those hosted by communities or institutions. All the events at which saluang is found have a celebratory nature: the music enhances a sense of festivity and sociability.- Life cycle events, especially weddings and circumcisions
- Community celebrations, such as fundraisers, halal-bihalal
- Bagurau Lapiak
When
Saluang performances are more common at certain times of the year than others. While Indonesia adheres to the Gregorian calendar for official business, the Islamic calendar equally structures the passage of time in Minangkabau society. Saluang performances won't be found at all during the holy month of Ramadan, when it is not appropriate to hold celebrations of any kind. As the most popular time for weddings and circumcisions is the month following Ramadan, saluang performances are the most frequent then. Jennifer deliberately designed her plan for fieldwork around this calendar. The patina of religiosity lingers through Lebaran and in the week or two afterwards, which does have some influence on the participation in and modesty at saluang performances. Finally, families and communities hosting events might give some consideration to season, whether it is the rainy or dry season. The dry season is better for hosting events held outside with strong attendance. The weather, however, has been less predictable with climate change. In summary, the following are important temporal factors that structure the ways events unfold:- The year: performances were different in 2003-2004 vs. 2015-2016
- The month, particularly according to the Islamic calendar
- The season: dry or wet, which will affect people's ability to travel.
Where
Saluang performances occur wherever there is a sizable Minang population. The location where an event is held is very influential on the way an event will unfold, in part structuring to some extent the performers who are invited and the pagurau who attend, but also for the repertoire that might be requested. Historically, Bukittinggi was considered the "center" for saluang, with many performers in residence there. Over time, however, Payokumbuah became the center: many performers are now located in or near Payokumbuah.
The broadest distinction with regard to location is between events held in the darek vs. the rantau, including areas of the rantau beyond the borders of West Sumatra. The specific luak is another factor, as is the specific nagari, particularly if there are songs affiliated with it. A performance held in Luak Agam is likely to have some differences from one held in Luak Limo Puluah Koto. Both will have differences from a performance held in areas of the rantau, such as Solok or Pasaman. Those performances held beyond the province would be different yet again. The best singers, like Te E, have stories of traveling to neighboring provinces in Sumatra, including Riau, Jambi, Bengkulu, North Sumatra; to Jakarta and other parts of Java; and to parts of Malaysia. I've never attended a saluang performance in the rantau so I can't speak to how they are structured, but I wonder if people don't request the most classic songs, the songs closely associated with their hometowns. Finally, events held in urban centers are likely different from those in more rural locales. This factor is probably most influential on the participants, generating greater attendance closer to population centers. But it is not the only consideration. If a very famous singer will be singing in a more rural location, like Te E in Suayan (about 2 hours one direction by motorbike from Payokumbuah), pacandu are willing to travel.
Another factor that plays into the way performances unfold are the physical spaces in which they are located. There is a difference if they are held in a home or in a communal space, the inside of a house or in the yard. When they are held in communal spaces, are these regular gathering spaces for community events, a public marker, a specially-built cafe or road side stall? Are the guests seated at tables and chairs, on rows of chairs, mats on the floor, or must they stand?Who
Who is hosting a saluang performance has a strong hand in shaping it, including the choice of performers, the choice of saluang styles, and so on. These factors include whether the host is an individual/ family, a community, or an institution. The economic capital of the host affects the budget for an event, which is turn might affect the style of saluang and the physical set up. The performances with the lowest budget, for example, are least likely to have seating or snacks for the pagurau (see Performance: Suayan, August 1, 2015 vs. Performance: Batu Balang, July 17, 20160. The religious values of the hosts--the relative piety--will affect the presence or absence of porno lyrics. The performers and pagurau will be more modest if they know a host is more devout. If a host is a known pacandu, then the event will be of a different quality, have different songs, and/or different interactions between performers and pagurau or among pagurau than if the host is less familiar with the scene.Economics of performance
How a performance is structured relatively to economics shapes its structure. The most important distinction here is whether- Performers are contracted in advance for the event: they are paid some uang muka ("face money," an advance) at the time they are contracted and the remainder at the performance. This can be the case even if the performance is functioning as a fundraiser, where all funds contributed for the honor of making requests goes to the designated cause.
- Performers need to generate their own income, working for tips and a share of the evening's takings (see bagurau lapiak).
Summary
In short, each event is completely unique and the conditions are not replicable. -
1
2020-07-16T19:14:25+00:00
Song: "Suayan Anguih"
8
This song is named after the place, the nagari Suayan.
plain
2021-06-29T23:23:49+00:00
-0.17798, 100.48907
Translation of Title: "Anguih" means scorched. "Suayan" is inserted in the title to indicate the song's affiliation with a specific place.
Explanation: According to Martis, all songs associated with Suayan are derived from laments, specifically those grieving the loss of an individual.
Composer: Unknown, Gadih Suayan (suggested by some).
Type of song:Ratok.
Place affiliations:- Nagari: Suayan.
- Kecamatan: Akabiluru.
- Luak: Limopuluah Koto.
- Darek or Rantau: Darek.
Description: Martis explained the pantun for this song should be extremely sad, related to the concept of one's inner/spiritual self ablaze.
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1
2020-07-16T19:14:19+00:00
Song: "Ratok Suayan"
7
This song is named after the place, the nagari Suayan.
plain
2021-06-27T00:27:51+00:00
-0.17798, 100.48907
Alternative Title: "Suayan," "Suayan Lamo" and "Suayan Tanahnyo Tinggi"
Translation of Title: "Ratok of Suayan." This song is named after the place, the nagari Suayan.
Explanation: According to Martis, all songs associated with Suayan are derived from laments, specifically those grieving the loss of an individual.
Composer: Unknown.
Type of song: Ratok.
Place affiliations:- Nagari: Suayan.
- Kecamatan: Akabiluru.
- Luak: Limopuluah Koto.
- Darek or Rantau: Rantau.
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1
2020-07-16T19:14:25+00:00
Song: "Suayan Maik Ka Turun"
7
This song is named after the place, the nagari Suayan.
plain
2021-06-29T23:29:36+00:00
-0.17798, 100.48907
Alternative Title: "Suayan Maik Katurun"
Translation of Title: "Maik" means "corpse," "Ka turun" means "to put down," so "laying a corpse to rest." "Suayan" is inserted in the title to indicate the song's affiliation with a specific place.
Explanation: According to Martis, all songs associated with Suayan are derived from laments, specifically those grieving the loss of an individual.
Composer: Unknown.
Type of song:Ratok.
Place affiliations:- Nagari: Suayan.
- Kecamatan: Akabiluru.
- Luak: Limopuluah Koto.
- Darek or Rantau: Darek.
Description: Martis related that this song was sung while taking the body to the grave. The melody is not all that different from Ratok Suayan.
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1
2021-02-07T22:30:48+00:00
Song: "Suayan Tanahnyo Tinggi"
6
This song is named for the place, Suayan.
plain
2021-06-29T23:30:39+00:00
Alternative Title: "Suayan Lamo," "Ratok Suayan." The tune performed under this title appears to be identical to tunes performed under these other titles.
Translation of Title: "Suayan is the high land." Like the other songs from here, it is named for the place, the nagari Suayan.
Explanation: According to Martis, all songs associated with Suayan are derived from laments, specifically those grieving the loss of an individual.
Composer: Unknown.
Type of song: Ratok.
Place affiliations:- Nagari: Suayan.
- Kecamatan: Akabiluru.
- Luak: Limopuluah Koto.
- Darek or Rantau: Rantau.
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1
2020-07-16T19:14:18+00:00
Song: "Ratok Bainar"
5
This song is affiliated with the place, the nagari Suayan.
plain
2021-06-27T00:08:54+00:00
-0.17798, 100.48907
Translation of Title: "Ratok of Bainar," where I think "Bainar" is the name of a person.
Composer: Unknown.
Type of song: Satangah Tiang.
Place affiliations:- Nagari: Suayan.
- Kecamatan: Akabiluru.
- Luak: Limopuluah Koto.
- Darek or Rantau: Darek.
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1
2020-07-16T19:14:25+00:00
Song: "Suayan Balenggek"
5
This song is named after the place, the nagari Suayan.
plain
2021-06-29T23:25:10+00:00
-0.17798, 100.48907
Translation of Title: "Balenggek" means "to have graduated levels." This title references the melody for this song, the particular type of stepped ornamentation that is the song's characteristic feature. "Suayan" is inserted in the title to indicate the song's affiliation with a specific place.
Explanation: According to Martis, all songs associated with Suayan are derived from laments, specifically those grieving the loss of an individual.
Composer: Unknown.
Type of song:Ratok.
Place affiliations:- Nagari: Suayan.
- Kecamatan: Akabiluru.
- Luak: Limopuluah Koto.
- Darek or Rantau: Darek.
Description: This song features a very characteristic ornament, distinguishing it from other dendang. In performance, I have heard requests for that ornament to be extended, i.e. repeated multiple times.
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1
2020-07-27T14:51:59+00:00
Song: "Suayan Bukik Sarang Olang"
4
The song called Suayan Bukik Sarang Olang
plain
2021-06-29T23:26:12+00:00
-0.17798, 100.48907
Translation of Title: "Bukik Sarang Olang" is the name of the hill, literally "Hill of Hawk Breeding Grounds," that sits to the southwest of Suayan, separating Suayan from Agam. "Suayan" is inserted in the title to indicate the song's affiliation with a specific place.
Explanation: According to Martis, all songs associated with Suayan are derived from laments, specifically those grieving the loss of an individual.
Composer: Unknown.
Type of song:Ratok.
Place affiliations:- Nagari: Suayan.
- Kecamatan: Akabiluru.
- Luak: Limopuluah Koto.
- Darek or Rantau: Darek.
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1
2020-07-16T19:14:25+00:00
Song: "Suayan Lamo"
4
This song is named after the place, the nagari Suayan.
plain
2021-06-29T23:27:20+00:00
-0.17798, 100.48907
Translation of Title: "Lamo" means "long (time)," "Suayan" is inserted in the title to indicate the song's affiliation with a specific place. "Suayan Lamo" could mean "the Suayan song/ place of long ago."
Explanation: According to Martis, all songs associated with Suayan are derived from laments, specifically those grieving the loss of an individual.
Composer: Unknown.
Type of song:Ratok.
Place affiliations:- Nagari: Suayan.
- Kecamatan: Akabiluru.
- Luak: Limopuluah Koto.
- Darek or Rantau: Darek.
Description: According to Martis, this is a burial lament that was sung a very long time ago. It is the oldest dendang from Suayan. The textual theme becomes relating someone's sadness and disappointments inhabiting this world when someone close dies.
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1
2020-07-16T19:14:25+00:00
Song: "Suayan Usoli"
4
This song is named after the place, the nagari Suayan.
plain
2021-06-29T23:31:35+00:00
-0.17798, 100.48907
Translation of Title: "Usoli" means "original," "Suayan" is inserted in the title to indicate the song's affiliation with a specific place, so the title could mean something like "the original Suayan [dendang].
Explanation: According to Martis, all songs associated with Suayan are derived from laments, specifically those grieving the loss of an individual.
Composer: Unknown.
Type of song:Ratok.
Place affiliations:- Nagari: Suayan.
- Kecamatan: Akabiluru.
- Luak: Limopuluah Koto.
- Darek or Rantau: Darek.
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1
2020-08-05T13:42:56+00:00
Song: "Suayan Anak Gubalo"
4
This song is affiliated with the place, the nagari Suayan.
plain
2021-06-22T16:08:36+00:00
-0.17798, 100.48907
Translation of Title: "Anak Gubalo" literally means "Child of a Herder," but more likely "Someone who herds." The herding could refer to goats, cows, water buffalo or even ducks. "Suayan" is inserted in the title to indicate the song's affiliation with a specific place.
Explanation: According to Martis, all songs associated with Suayan are derived from laments, specifically those grieving the loss of an individual.
Composer: Unknown.
Type of song:Ratok.
Place affiliations:- Nagari: Suayan.
- Kecamatan: Akabiluru.
- Luak: Limopuluah Koto.
- Darek or Rantau: Darek.
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1
2020-07-16T19:14:25+00:00
Song: "Suayan Buaian Anak"
4
This song is named after the place, the nagari Suayan.
plain
2021-06-25T00:10:12+00:00
-0.17798, 100.48907
Translation of Title: "Buaian Anak" means to sway a child [to sleep]." "Suayan" is inserted in the title to indicate the song's affiliation with a specific place.
Explanation: According to Martis, all songs associated with Suayan are derived from laments, specifically those grieving the loss of an individual.
Composer: Unknown.
Type of song:Ratok.
Place affiliations:- Nagari: Suayan.
- Kecamatan: Akabiluru.
- Luak: Limopuluah Koto.
- Darek or Rantau: Darek.
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1
2020-07-16T19:14:25+00:00
Song: "Suayan Tinggi"
4
This song is named after the place, the nagari Suayan.
plain
2021-06-22T16:12:51+00:00
-0.17798, 100.48907
Translation of Title: "Tinggi" means "high," which Martis said refered to the melody of this song and was used [as a lament] for high-ranking people within the adat system. "Suayan" is inserted in the title to indicate the song's affiliation with a specific place.
Explanation: According to Martis, all songs associated with Suayan are derived from laments, specifically those grieving the loss of an individual.
Composer: Unknown.
Type of song: Ratok.
Place affiliations:- Nagari: Suayan.
- Kecamatan: Akabiluru.
- Luak: Limopuluah Koto.
- Darek or Rantau: Darek.
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1
2021-02-25T14:08:41+00:00
People: Dauyah
4
Dauyah was a singer of laments
plain
2021-03-01T21:34:35+00:00
-0.17798, 100.48707
Role: Tukang Ratapi Mayat
Sex: Female
Time Frame: Historical figure
Place: Suayan
Source: Mardjani et. al. -
1
2021-02-25T14:08:42+00:00
People: Luna
4
Luna was a singer of laments
plain
2021-03-02T13:37:06+00:00
-0.17798, 100.48507
Role: Tukang Ratapi Mayat
Sex: Female
Time Frame: Historical figure
Place: Suayan
Source: Mardjani et. al. -
1
2021-02-25T14:08:43+00:00
People: Mila (Suayan)
3
Mila was a padendang from Suayan
plain
2021-03-02T13:37:49+00:00
-0.17598, 100.48907
Role: Padendang/ Tukang Ratapi Mayat
Sex: Female
Time Frame: Historical figure
Died: unknown, but before 1988
Place: Suayan
Source: Mardjani et. al.
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1
2020-08-05T13:42:56+00:00
Song: "Suayan Sungai Balantiek"
3
This song is affiliated with the place, the nagari Suayan.
plain
2021-06-22T16:12:12+00:00
-0.17798, 100.48907
Translation of Title: "Sungai Balantiek" is the name of the river that runs parallel to nagari Suayan. "Suayan" is inserted in the title to indicate the song's affiliation with a specific place. This song, then, has two references to place.
Explanation: According to Martis, all songs associated with Suayan are derived from laments, specifically those grieving the loss of an individual.
Composer: Unknown.
Type of song:Ratok.
Place affiliations:- Nagari: Suayan.
- Kecamatan: Akabiluru.
- Luak: Limopuluah Koto.
- Darek or Rantau: Darek.
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1
2021-02-25T14:08:43+00:00
People: Rusdi
2
Rusdi was a tukang saluang
plain
2021-03-02T13:41:12+00:00
-0.17598, 100.48707
Role: Tukang saluang
Sex: Male
Time Frame: Historical figure
Born: @1953
Place: Suayan
Other Notes: he was also a farmer
Source: Mardjani et. al. -
1
2021-02-25T14:08:44+00:00
People: Saunan
2
Saunan was a padendang
plain
2021-03-02T13:43:31+00:00
-0.17398, 100.48507
Role: Padendang
Sex: Male
Time Frame: Historical figure
Died: unknown, but deceased before 1988
Place: Suayan
Source: Mardjani et. al. -
1
2021-02-25T14:08:44+00:00
People: Zainuddin
2
Zainuddin was a padendang
plain
2021-03-02T13:45:28+00:00
-0.17398, 100.48707
Role: Padendang
Sex: Male
Time Frame: Historical figure
Place: Suayan
Source: Mardjani et. al. -
1
2021-02-25T14:08:42+00:00
People: Kute
2
Kute was a padendang
plain
2021-03-02T13:36:19+00:00
-0.17798, 100.48707
Other Names: Muchtar Mantari Ameh
Role: Padendang
Sex: Male
Time Frame: Historical figure
Place: Suayan
Source: Mardjani et. al. -
1
2021-02-25T14:08:42+00:00
People: Djaya
2
Djaya was a singer of laments
plain
2021-02-26T14:13:48+00:00
-0.17798, 100.48907
Role: Tukang Ratapi Mayat
Sex: Female
Time Frame: Historical figure
Place: Suayan
Source: Mardjani et. al.