Song in the Sumatran HighlandsMain MenuGetting OrientedThis page provides an introduction to the projectSongsTitle pagePlacesTitle pagePeoplePerformancesTitle pageModulesThis section provides modules focused on specific topicsGlossaryList of terms used throughout the projectReferencesList of bibliographic and discographic resources referenced in this projectTechnical NotesPathway explaining some technical decisionsProject TeamList of contributors and their roles within the project.AcknowledgmentsPage with AcknowledgmentsLicense, Citation & UseHow to use and cite the material found in this site.
Place: Padang Pariaman
12020-07-10T12:16:34+00:00Jennifer Fraser404477000adfd4e5c7a1128cfac82e1fc740e8c328Padang Pariaman is a kabupaten on the central west coast of the province.google_maps2021-05-30T13:42:49+00:00-0.6223, 100.28862Jennifer Fraser404477000adfd4e5c7a1128cfac82e1fc740e8c3Padang Pariaman is a kabupaten on the central west coast of the province. "Padang" means a field, "pariaman" safe place, so the field that is a safe place.
This page has tags:
12020-07-09T19:00:10+00:00Jennifer Fraser404477000adfd4e5c7a1128cfac82e1fc740e8c3Mapping SaluangJennifer Fraser19This map provides a listing of all the places connected with saluang in some way.google_maps2021-06-23T12:21:19+00:00Jennifer Fraser404477000adfd4e5c7a1128cfac82e1fc740e8c3
1media/Image_Pasisia_Salatan2.jpeg2020-07-09T20:58:10+00:00Jennifer Fraser404477000adfd4e5c7a1128cfac82e1fc740e8c3Place: RantauJennifer Fraser13The rantau is defined as the outlying regions of the Alam Minangkabau.image_header2021-09-09T01:10:01+00:00Jennifer Fraser404477000adfd4e5c7a1128cfac82e1fc740e8c3
Contents of this tag:
1media/29rababplayer in neon lights at shopping mall.jpegmedia/29rababplayer in neon lights at shopping mall.jpeg2020-11-06T13:21:57+00:00Jennifer Fraser404477000adfd4e5c7a1128cfac82e1fc740e8c3Genre: Rabab Pariaman16Rabab Pariaman is a vocal genre that uses kaba textsimage_header2021-04-27T12:35:37+00:00-0.62601, 100.12028Jennifer Fraser404477000adfd4e5c7a1128cfac82e1fc740e8c3
12020-07-16T19:14:04+00:00Jennifer Fraser404477000adfd4e5c7a1128cfac82e1fc740e8c3Suite of Songs: "Ampek Sajalan"12The title for a suite of four songs.plain2020-11-01T20:01:03+00:00Jennifer Fraser404477000adfd4e5c7a1128cfac82e1fc740e8c3
12020-07-16T19:14:16+00:00Jennifer Fraser404477000adfd4e5c7a1128cfac82e1fc740e8c3Song: "Pariaman Panjang"11This song is named after the place, the city Pariaman and kabupaten Padang Pariaman.plain2021-06-30T01:59:09+00:00-0.62601, 100.12028Jennifer Fraser404477000adfd4e5c7a1128cfac82e1fc740e8c3
12020-07-16T19:14:09+00:00Jennifer Fraser404477000adfd4e5c7a1128cfac82e1fc740e8c3Song: "Indang Kayu Tanam"8One of the suite of 4 songs known as "Ampek Sajalan;" also named after the place, the nagari Kayu Tanam.plain2021-07-02T17:51:36+00:00-0.55046, 100.33Jennifer Fraser404477000adfd4e5c7a1128cfac82e1fc740e8c3
12020-07-16T19:14:05+00:00Jennifer Fraser404477000adfd4e5c7a1128cfac82e1fc740e8c3Song: "Baburu Babi"8This song is affiliated with the place, the city Pariaman and kabupaten Padang Pariaman.plain2021-06-24T23:54:42+00:00Gabriela Linares93b11788b420aa18884831bc41dd62cbbe2edd8b
12020-07-16T19:14:16+00:00Jennifer Fraser404477000adfd4e5c7a1128cfac82e1fc740e8c3Song: "Indang Pariaman Laweh"8This song is named after the place, the city Pariaman and kabupaten Padang Pariaman.plain2021-06-30T22:13:08+00:00Gabriela Linares93b11788b420aa18884831bc41dd62cbbe2edd8b
12020-07-16T19:14:16+00:00Jennifer Fraser404477000adfd4e5c7a1128cfac82e1fc740e8c3Song: "Pariaman Tangguang"7This song is named after the place, the city Pariaman and kabupaten Padang Pariaman.plain2021-06-26T23:54:39+00:00Gabriela Linares93b11788b420aa18884831bc41dd62cbbe2edd8b
12020-07-16T19:14:16+00:00Jennifer Fraser404477000adfd4e5c7a1128cfac82e1fc740e8c3Song: "Pariaman Lamo"6This song is named after the place, the city Pariaman and kabupaten Padang Pariaman.plain2021-06-30T22:44:50+00:00Gabriela Linares93b11788b420aa18884831bc41dd62cbbe2edd8b
12020-07-16T19:14:17+00:00Jennifer Fraser404477000adfd4e5c7a1128cfac82e1fc740e8c3Song: "Rambun Malam"5One of the suite of 4 songs known as "Ampek Sajalan."plain2021-05-26T15:29:23+00:00Jennifer Fraser404477000adfd4e5c7a1128cfac82e1fc740e8c3
12020-07-16T19:14:09+00:00Jennifer Fraser404477000adfd4e5c7a1128cfac82e1fc740e8c3Song: "Indang Pariaman"4This song is named after the place, Pariaman, which refers to the city and the kabupaten.plain2021-06-25T00:40:52+00:00-0.62601, 100.12028Gabriela Linares93b11788b420aa18884831bc41dd62cbbe2edd8b
12020-07-16T19:14:09+00:00Jennifer Fraser404477000adfd4e5c7a1128cfac82e1fc740e8c3Song: "Indang Ramolai"4One of the suite of 4 songs known as "Ampek Sajalan."plain2021-06-25T00:44:34+00:00Gabriela Linares93b11788b420aa18884831bc41dd62cbbe2edd8b
12020-07-10T12:16:29+00:00Jennifer Fraser404477000adfd4e5c7a1128cfac82e1fc740e8c3Place: 2x11 Kayu Tanam42x11 Kayu Tanam is a kecamatan in Kabupaten Padang Pariaman.google_maps2020-11-01T20:24:36+00:00-0.5502, 100.3299Jennifer Fraser404477000adfd4e5c7a1128cfac82e1fc740e8c3
12020-07-10T12:16:32+00:00Jennifer Fraser404477000adfd4e5c7a1128cfac82e1fc740e8c3Place: Lubuak Aluang4Lubuak Aluang is a nagari in Kecamatan Lubuak Aluang in Kabupaten Padang Pariaman.google_maps2020-08-13T20:01:48+00:00-0.67831, 100.28961Jennifer Fraser404477000adfd4e5c7a1128cfac82e1fc740e8c3
12020-07-10T12:16:36+00:00Jennifer Fraser404477000adfd4e5c7a1128cfac82e1fc740e8c3Place: Toboh3Toboh is a nagari in Kecamatan Sintuk Toboh Gadang in Kabupaten Padang Pariaman.google_maps2020-07-23T12:03:21+00:00-0.6712, 100.23197Gabriela Linares93b11788b420aa18884831bc41dd62cbbe2edd8b
12020-08-05T13:42:56+00:00Jennifer Fraser404477000adfd4e5c7a1128cfac82e1fc740e8c3Song: "Risaulai"3This song is affiliated with the place, city and/or Kabupaten of Pariaman.plain2020-12-02T03:10:50+00:00Gabriela Linares93b11788b420aa18884831bc41dd62cbbe2edd8b
12020-08-05T13:42:52+00:00Jennifer Fraser404477000adfd4e5c7a1128cfac82e1fc740e8c3Song: "Pariaman Tali-Tali"3This song is affiliated with the place, city and/or Kabupaten of Pariaman.plain2020-12-02T00:15:00+00:00Gabriela Linares93b11788b420aa18884831bc41dd62cbbe2edd8b
12020-08-05T13:42:58+00:00Jennifer Fraser404477000adfd4e5c7a1128cfac82e1fc740e8c3Song: "Pariaman"3This song is affiliated with the place, city and/or Kabupaten of Pariaman.plain2020-12-02T00:07:47+00:00Gabriela Linares93b11788b420aa18884831bc41dd62cbbe2edd8b
12020-07-16T19:14:10+00:00Jennifer Fraser404477000adfd4e5c7a1128cfac82e1fc740e8c3Song: "Indang Toboh"3One of the suite of 4 songs known as "Ampek Sajalan;" also named after the place, the nagari Toboh.plain2020-11-01T20:28:00+00:00Jennifer Fraser404477000adfd4e5c7a1128cfac82e1fc740e8c3
12020-07-10T12:16:34+00:00Jennifer Fraser404477000adfd4e5c7a1128cfac82e1fc740e8c3Place: Pariaman (city)3Pariaman is the largest city in Kabupaten Padang Pariaman.google_maps2020-08-12T19:58:39+00:00-0.62601, 100.12028Jennifer Fraser404477000adfd4e5c7a1128cfac82e1fc740e8c3
This page is referenced by:
1media/29rababplayer in neon lights at shopping mall.jpegmedia/29rababplayer in neon lights at shopping mall.jpeg2020-11-06T13:21:57+00:00Genre: Rabab Pariaman16Rabab Pariaman is a vocal genre that uses kaba textsimage_header2021-04-27T12:35:37+00:00-0.62601, 100.12028
Rabab Pariaman is both the name of a genre and the instrument affiliated with that genre. They are associated with the kabupaten Padang Pariaman. The rabab is three-stringed and uses a coconut shell as the body and resonator. Like its regional cousins, the rabab Pariaman is used to accompany vocals and is performed late at night. Unlike rabab Pasisia, however, it is a relatively rare genre and not represented prominently in the Minangkabau recording industry. It is one of the three genres included on the Smithsonian Folkways, Music of Indonesia series, Vol. 6. Night Music of West Sumatra. As Philip Yampolsky and Hanefi write in the accompany liner notes, rabab Pariaman "begin[s] with free-standing, non-narrative songs but shift to sung narrative [i.e. kaba] later in the evening" (1994).
Related Resources
Night Music of West Sumatra: Saluang, Rabab Pariaman, Dendang Pauah.
1media/Image_Pasisia_Salatan2.jpeg2020-07-09T20:58:10+00:00Place: Rantau13The rantau is defined as the outlying regions of the Alam Minangkabau.image_header2021-09-09T01:10:01+00:00In the Tambo Alam Minangkabau, the Minangkabau region is divided into two main parts: the darek and the rantau. The rantau includes areas of migration outside the darek, including both the areas along the coastal plains (the contemporary kabupaten of Pasaman Barek, Padang Pariaman, and Pasisia Salatan) and areas in the highlands outside the darek (the contemporary kabupaten of Pasaman, Sijunjuang, Solok, Solok Selatan, and Dharmasraya).
Historically, the boundaries of the rantau include lands now part of other provinces, including North Sumatra, Riau, and Jambi. Sometimes, when people say the "rantau" they include all the areas in which people identifying as Minangkabau reside, including areas throughout the Indonesian archipelago and even beyond.
12020-07-16T19:14:15+00:00Song: "Oyak Ambacang"10This title translates as "Shaking the Ambacang Tree."plain2021-08-02T16:25:19+00:00Alternative Title: "Endek Ambacang." "Oyak" and "Endek" both mean "to shake," likely belonging to different dialects of Minangkabau. Translation of Title: This title translates as "Shaking the Ambacang Tree." It is a title that is metaphorical for human anatomy, and thus considered porno. Composer: Unknown. Type of song: Satangah Tiang. Place affiliations:
12021-05-30T12:29:31+00:00Songs with Interesting Features10List of songs with interesting featuresplain2021-08-02T14:29:41+00:00
Songs with Variable Form
Most of the songs within the saluang repertoire are strophic in form. That simply means every verse--in this case every pantun--is set to the same melodic and rhythmic content. There are a few songs, however, that are markedly not. They have sections, labeled locally as "induak" (mother) and "anak" (child). In some cases, like "Pariaman Panjang," there might even be two different anak. When these songs are delivered in performance there is no standardized form, including how many lines of verse in a pantun. There are assumptions about typical structures, but those assumptions do not always manifest in reality. I like to think of it as "mix and match" with building blocks. Part of the diversity happens because singers trade off verses after one pantun, rather than induak and anak. Sometimes the tukang saluang structures the possibilities.
Some songs with sectional structure include:
"Pariaman Panjang"
"Pariaman Tangguang"
"Pariaman Lamo"
"Banda Sapuluah"
"Palaiaran"
"Kambang Aia Aji"
Some songs with variable pantun structure include:
"Pariaman Panjang"
"Kambang Aia Aji"
"Ratok Bonjo"
As I put these lists together, it strikes me that all of these songs with variable structure, whether using sections or in pantun length, are from the rantau, inspired by musical practices there and/or imported into the saluang darek repertoire from the genre of origin. Almost all are from the pasisia (coastal) regions, whether that be Padang Pariaman or Pasisia Salatan.
1media/Image_Malam Suntuak 2.jpegmedia/Image_Malam Suntuak 2.jpeg2020-11-20T11:29:30+00:00People: Upiak Malai7Upiak Malai is a padendang.image_header2021-06-08T22:06:36+00:00Stage Name: Upiak Malai. "Upiak" is a term of address for a younger woman. Other Names: Role: Padendang. Sex: Female. Time Frame: Contemporary Figure Source: personal encounter at a performance in 2004. Born: Died: Place of Origin: Likely one of the places called "Malai" in Padang Pariaman. Place of Residence: Payokumbuah. Year started performing: Training: Relationships to other performers: Performances:
Performance: Radio Republik Indonesia Bukittinggi, February 6, 2004.
Songs composed: Recordings: Other notes:
12020-07-16T19:14:16+00:00Song: "Pariaman Tangguang"7This song is named after the place, the city Pariaman and kabupaten Padang Pariaman.plain2021-06-26T23:54:39+00:00Alternative Title: "Piaman Tangguang" is the abbreviated title. Translation of Title: "Tangguang" means "approaching," "Pariaman" references the place, the city Pariaman and kabupaten Padang Pariaman, so the title translates as "Approaching Pariaman." Composer: Unknown. Type of song: Ratok. Genre of origin: Adopted from Rabab Pariaman. Place affiliations:
City: Pariaman.
Kabupaten: Padang Pariaman.
Darek or Rantau: Rantau.
Source: Te E's List of Songs. Description: According to Martis, the pantun can be either pantun muda or pantun perasaian.
1media/Image_Indang Solok.jpegmedia/Image_Indang Solok.jpeg2020-11-06T13:53:57+00:00Genre: Indang5Indang is a Minangkabau vocal genre with percussion accompanimentimage_header2021-06-29T19:36:49+00:00
Indang is a Minangkabau vocal genre with percussion accompaniment. The genre has Islamic associations, relevant to the textual themes. The vocals are accompanied by frame drums and elaborate, choreographed movement of the seated performers. There are distinct versions in Pariaman and Solok, though the former is more well-known and is the variant referenced when not otherwise qualified.
12020-07-16T19:14:27+00:00Song: "Unggeh Jo Buruang"5This song is lagu gembira.plain2021-06-29T23:50:16+00:00Translation of Title: "Fowl with Birds" Composer: Unknown. Type of song:Gembira. Genre of origin: Indang Pariaman. Place affiliations:
Kabupaten:Padang Pariaman.
Darek or Rantau: Rantau.
Source: Pak Ketua.
12020-07-16T19:14:09+00:00Song: "Indang Ramolai"4One of the suite of 4 songs known as "Ampek Sajalan."plain2021-06-25T00:44:34+00:00Translation of Title: "Indang of Ramolai." "Indang" in the title is used to indicate the style of song, "Ramolai" is the name of a person. Explanation: One of the songs part of the Ampek Sajalan suite. Composer: Martis identified this as a song created by an artist who lived in Payokumbuah. Type of song: Gembira. Genre of origin: Indang Pariaman. Place affiliations: This song is affiliated with Payokumbuah, because it was created there, but also the place, the city Pariaman and kabupaten Padang Pariaman because the song is affiliated with the genre Indang Pariaman. I consider the second the stronger place affiliation because it was inspired by the musical content of that region. It sounds like a song from Pariaman.
